This article, will explain what is solar power system? And the types that come into it.
1. What is a solar power system?
A system that generates electricity using solar energy is called a solar power system. Following are three major components used in solar power systems.
- Solar panel
- Solar inverter
- Solar Battery
These components are also used as needed, such as structure, connectors, DC cables, earthing material, energy meter, etc.
Let’s explore
Solar Panels
Its the main component of the solar power system. These plates contain multiple silicon wafer cells are attached in series and parallel form. It generates DC power which flows to the inverter. It comes with multiple types like poly-crystalline, Mono-crystalline, etc
Solar panel efficiency increased in the last few years due to continuous research and development, It’s a great option for carbon-free energy generation in the emerging crisis of global warming.
Due to negligible maintenance and affordable cost, the importance of solar panels is increasing day by day.
Read more about solar panels here.
Solar Inverters
The inverter is the second most important component in the solar power system. This converts the DC power generated from the panel to AC Power, which is usable for our house load. There are two types of inverter comes one is off-grid and the second on-grid comes in single-phase, and three-phase types depending on the user’s specification.
Solar Battery
In simple words, a battery is called an electricity storage device. It is the third most major component in a solar power system. The off-grid solar system is incomplete without a battery.
How big should the battery be in ah? Which one is best? It decides based on the panel’s watt, quantity, and the size of the inverter with the required backup time.
Batteries also come in various types like lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, VRL batteries, etc.
2. Types of solar power system
There are two types of the mainly used solar power system in India
- On – grid Solar system
- Off – grid sola system
What is an On-grid solar power system?
In the last few years government has started implementing favorable policies for solar power systems. As a result implementation of On-grid solar power demand increased fastly.
Major three components are used in this system, solar Inverter, solar panel, and net meter.
As we can see in the picture above, the DC generated from the panel goes into the inverter. The inverter converts it to AC and sends it to the net meter. The energy coming into the net meter is recorded, from there it is used for equipment and whatever energy remains from it is exported to the grid.
When solar energy is depleted, the required energy is imported from the grid. The bill for the difference between imported and exported comes at the end of the month. If the user has exported more energy, then at the end of the year its final settlement is done by the energy department.
What is Off-grid solar system?
This is another type of solar system used where irregular power is available. This is because the battery is used to store electricity which is used in case of emergency
Off-grid solar is designed in such a way, that maximum power in use can be supplied by batteries and solar panels.
Grid power can be avoided 100% with a good off-grid solar system.
As per the chart, the DC electricity generated from the solar panel is converted to AC electricity by inverter and given to the load. And the rest of the electric power is stored in the battery. Also, when the energy required for load is reduced by the solar panel, the reduced energy is taken from the battery. This is how off-grid solar power systems carry connected loads through batteries and panels. If both options are not available then there is an option to take this energy from the main grid when needed.
That’s how we can use solar energy for our regular electricity consumption in simple ways.
Due to the depletion of conventional energy sources as well as the crisis of global warming the importance of solar energy has been increasing day by day.
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